Fuenace



(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 1. A. PIAT.

SMELTING PURNAGE.

No. 467,310. APamxenced Jan. 19, 1892.

W iN/661966? (N'oModel.) v 2 Sheets-v-Sheet 2. A. PIAT. SMBLTING FURNACE.

Patented Jan. 19, 1892.

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' Nrrnn STATES ALBERT PIAT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

SMELTINGFURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 467,310, dated January 19, 1892.

Application filed October 13, 1890. Serial No. 368,027. (No model.) Patented in France May 27, 1889, No. 198,529; in Belgium l October 23, 1889, No. 88,171; in Italy November 11, 1889, No. 26,391; in Spain November 19, 1889, No. 10,283, and in Luxemburg December 12, 1889, No. 1,221.

T0 all whom it may conceive:

Be it known that I, ALBERT IIAT, of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented a new and useful Smelting-Furnace, (for which I have received Letters Patent in France May 27, 1889, No. 198,529; in Belgium October 23, 1889, No. 88,171; in Spain November 19,1889, No. 10,283; in Italy November 11, 1889, No. 26,391, and in Luxemburg December 12, 1889, No. 1,22l,) which is fully set forth in the following specification.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a smelting-furnace which shall be easy to handle and which will permit of the fusion of small charges of iron or steel; and it consists in certain parts and combinations thereof hereinafter more particularly described and claimed. l

In orderto make my invention more clearly understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings a means for carrying the same into effect.

In said drawings, Figure 1 represents an elevation and section of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus; Fig. 3, an elevation showing the cupola turned over and the raised body arranged on the Crucible; Fig. et, profile of the apparatus, seen from the rear; Fig. 5, elevation of the lire-box by the side of the apparatus; Fig. 6, semi-front elevation of the box and semi-vertical section; Fig. 7, section of the oscillating furnace and of the raised body which surrounds it; Fig. 8, View showing the working of the cupola; Fig. 9, View showing the Crucible surmounted by its raised body.

A is the lower furnace, adapted to swing or oscillate and also be moved from the grate a or flue beneath it by moving the frame in which its trunnions are journaled. It inl closes in its interior a crucible A', Well supported and surrounded by combustibles, and whose contents canvary.

B is a small cupola proportioned to the size of the furnace A, with which it is combined and on which it rests. It is charged directly from the top, and the melted matter flows constantly as the fusions advance through an opening c, formed in the middle of its bottom, and falls into the lower crucible A A hollow drum D serves as support for cupola B and also as a duct for leading the blast through a hollow pivot D into the annular chamberE through valve V. The blast passes into the cupola through openings 0 o 55 and also into the furnace A through the grate a beneath it. The pivot D can be loosened by means of a pivot-screw @,worked from the outside by a hand-wheel T, if itis desired, after the ope ration is terminated, to liftup the 6o cupola in order to turn it with the movable part of the column, and thereby uncover the furnace A, which can then be raised and tilted.

To permit of moving the furnace A to a convenient height, allowing the interior crucible to pourinto a ladle without a crane, the trunnions of this furnace are borne by the ends of the two levers G G, forming a crossed frame at its ends and fulcrumed on a shaft, as atl. The furnace is almost balanced bya counter- 7o weight II, suspended at the opposite ends of said levers. 0n this axle a sector K is wedged, to which is fixed a chain M, which rolls around a small winch L, actuated by a hand-wheel V and an. endless screw after having passed over. a guide-pulley L. By acting on this chain the furnace is worked with the greatest facility. Y

The blast coming through the flue Pis distributed either alternately or simultaneously 8o to the two attached and superposed apparatus A and B by gate-valve R to the furnace and by valve V to the cupola B. If, instead of melting metal, which must be put into the cupola with coke and a flux, it is 8 5 only desired to reheat some metal without combustion and without flux, then cupola B, with its own casing or annular chamber E, serves itself asa crucible in which the metal to be reheated and melted is placed. The 9o hot gases of the lower furnace A pass into the interior of said cupola-crucible, into the interior of which they penetrate by openings o o, dulyopened, and by the lower middle opening c, by which the melted metal flows into lower crucible A. Should the gases arising from A not be entirely burned, a little air blown through valve V would complete their combustion in the cupola. g

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 it is roo well seen that the cupola can work independently, while at the same time the furnace A can be utilized by means of a raised Crucible g', arranged as shown in section, Fig. 7. The upper or raised Crucible is pierced at. its bottom by a central hole 7L andlateral holes i', by which the gases of the furnace penetrate into its interior, heating and melting the metal, which flows off into the subjacent crucible A; but as the bottom of such a Crucible wears much I have thought of making it with a movable bottom, as shown by Fig. 9. The upper body proper n: is separated from the bowl y and rests on the top .ef of the furnace and has a large central hole. The body is of sheet-iron, in the shape of a truncated cone, lined with refractory earth. The basin when reduced by use is easily replaced, is made of plumbago, and rests with four broad radial projections s in the middle Crucible A', of which the shape is somewhat different. The flames of the furnace penetrateinto the basin, passing between the projections s, through the central hole o and the slightly-sloping lateral holes.

So as to be capable of easily cleaning the cupola and that it can pour into a ladle when working independently, two opposed trunnions 'nt my, supplied each with a roller, rolling in grooves n n, formed in brackets S S', forming a part of the turning-post D of the column, are arranged at a convenient height. Vhen the cupola is to be turned and emptied, it is pushed to the front, rolling to a point where its bottom can be lifted without touching the top of the movable part of column D.

E, surrounding the cupola, substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with a furnace, a crucible having a removable lower portion provided witli lateral openings, a central hole therein, and projections on the bottom thereof, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as described, of the lower furnace, a hollow column consisting of a base secured beside the lower furnace and communicating with a blast-fine and an upper part sleeved within the base and adapted to rotate therein, an upper furnace or cupola carried by the upper part of the column and provided with an annular chamber opening into the hollow Column, and a valve to close the passage from the hollow column to said annular chamber, Substantially as described.

4. 'lhe combination, substantially as described, of the lower furnace, the two-part Colu mn, the upper part revoluble on the lower part, the upper furnace supported by the upper part of the column, but adapted to rest on the lower furnace, independent valved flues leading to the respective furnaces, and a screw to elevate the upper part of the column and raise the upper furnace free from Contact with the lower one, substantially as described.

5. The oscillating furnace A,with an interior Crucible A', the oscillating frame and the levers G G, and sector K, operating said levers and wedged on axle l, and on which is fixed the chain M around the Winch L, which is actuated by a hand-wheel V" and an endless screw, this furnace being surrounded by a crucible or a small cupola.

lu testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AL BERT PIAT.

Nitnessesz I. DUPONT, R. J. PRESTON. 

